The Tempest (Supplementary)

Class 10 | English | Unit 1

✍️ About the Author William Shakespeare

(1564-1616) born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England.

He was an English poet, playwright and actor.

He is widely regarded as both the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. His surviving body of work includes 37 plays, 154 sonnets and two narrative poems, the majority of which he penned between 1589 and 1613.

Do You Know?

❖The play 'The Tempest' was written between 1610 and 1611.

❖Many critics and historians believe it to be one of the last plays of William Shakespeare.

It is considered to be one of Shakespeare's well-written plays.

It is believed that the play 'The Tempest' was based on an actual wreck of a ship called Sea Venture off Bermuda that was headed to Virginia. There is a strong evidence that Shakespeare used elements of the story of the wreck.

The Tempest

There was an island in the sea, the only inhabitants of which were an old man, named Prospero, and his daughter Miranda, a very beautiful young lady. She came to this island so young, that she had no memory of having seen any other human face than her father's.

They lived in a cave made out of a rock; it was divided into several apartments, one of which Prospero called his study; there he kept his books, which chiefly treated of magic. By virtue of his art, he had released many good spirits from a witch called Sycorax who had them imprisoned in the bodies of large trees. These gentle spirits were ever after obedient to the will of Prospero. Of these Ariel was the chief.

Ariel took rather too much pleasure in tormenting an ugly monster called Caliban, because he was the son of his old enemy Sycorax. Caliban was employed like a slave, to fetch wood, and do the most laborious offices; and Ariel had the charge of compelling him to these services.

With the help of these spirits, Prospero could command the winds, and the waves of the sea. By his orders they raised a violent storm, in the midst of which, he showed his daughter a fine large ship, which he told her was full of living beings like themselves.

Miranda

"Oh my dear father, if by your art you have raised this dreadful storm, have pity on their sad distress. See! the vessel will be dashed to pieces. Poor souls! they will all perish."

Prospero

"Be not so amazed, daughter Miranda, there is no harm done. I have so ordered it, that no person in the ship shall receive any hurt. What I have done has been in care of you, my dear child. You are ignorant. Can you remember a time before you came to this cell? I think you cannot, for you were not then three years of age."

Prospero

"Twelve years ago, Miranda, I was Duke of Milan, and you were a princess, and my only heir. I had a younger brother, whose name was Antonio, to whom I trusted everything; My brother Antonio being thus in possession of my power, began to think himself the duke indeed. The opportunity I gave him of making himself popular among my subjects awakened in his bad nature a proud ambition to deprive me of my dukedom: this he soon effected with the aid of the King of Naples, a powerful prince, who was my enemy."

Miranda

"Wherefore, did they not that hour destroy us?"

Prospero

"My child, they dared not, so dear was the love that my people bore me. Antonio carried us on board a ship, and when we were some leagues out at sea, he forced us into a small boat, without either tackle, sail, or mast: there he left us, as he thought, to perish. But a kind lord of my court, one Gonzalo, who loved me, had privately placed in the boat, water, provisions, apparel, and some books which I prize above my dukedom."

Miranda

"O my father, what a trouble must I have been to you then!"

Prospero

"No, my love, you were a little angel that did preserve me. Your innocent smiles made me bear up against my misfortunes. Our food lasted till we landed on this desert island, since when my chief delight has been in teaching you, Miranda, and well have you profited by my instructions."

Miranda

"Heaven thank you, my dear father. Now tell me, sir, your reason for raising this sea-storm?"

Prospero

"Know then, that by means of this storm, my enemies, the King of Naples, and my cruel brother, are cast ashore upon this island."

Having so said, Prospero gently touched his daughter with his magic wand, and she fell fast asleep; for the spirit Ariel just then presented himself before his master, to give an account of the tempest, and how he had disposed of the ship's company, and though the spirits were always invisible to Miranda, Prospero did not choose she should hear him holding conversation (as would seem to her) with the empty air.

Prospero

"Well, my brave spirit, how have you performed your task?"

Ariel gave a lively description of the storm, and of the terrors of the mariners; and how the king's son, Ferdinand, was the first who leaped into the sea; and his father thought he saw his dear son swallowed up by the waves and lost.

Ariel

"But he is safe, in a corner of the isle, sadly lamenting the loss of the king, his father."

Prospero

"That's my delicate Ariel. Bring him here: my daughter must see this young prince. Where is the king, and my brother?"

Ariel

"I left them searching for Ferdinand, whom they have little hopes of finding, thinking they saw him perish. Of the ship's crew not one is missing; though each one thinks himself the only one saved: and the ship, though invisible to them, is safe in the harbour."

Ariel then went to fetch Ferdinand.

Ariel

"O my young gentleman, I will soon move you. You must be brought, I find, for the Lady Miranda to have a sight of your pretty person. Come, sir, follow me."

He followed in amazement the sound of Ariel's voice, till it led him to Prospero and Miranda, who were sitting under the shade of a large tree. Now Miranda had never seen a man before, except her own father.

Prospero

"Miranda, tell me what you are looking at yonder."

Miranda

"O father, surely that is a spirit. Lord! How it looks about! Believe me, it is a beautiful creature. Is it not a spirit?"

Prospero

"No, girl, it eats, and sleeps, and has senses such as we have. This young man you see was in the ship. He is somewhat altered by grief, or you might call him a handsome person. He has lost his companions, and is wandering about to find them."

Miranda, who thought all men had grave faces and grey beards like her father, was delighted with the appearance of this beautiful young prince; and Ferdinand, seeing such a lovely lady in this desert place, and from the strange sounds he had heard, expecting nothing but wonders, thought he was upon an enchanted island, and that Miranda was the goddess of the place, and as such he began to address her.

She timidly answered, she was no goddess, but a simple maid, and was going to give him an account of herself, when Prospero interrupted her. He was well pleased to find they admired each other, but to try Ferdinand's constancy, he resolved to throw some difficulties in their way: therefore advancing forward, he addressed the prince with a stern air, telling him, he came to the island as a spy, to take it from him who was the lord of it.

Prospero

"Follow me, I will tie your neck and feet together. You shall drink sea-water; shell-fish, withered roots, and husks of acorns shall be your food."

Ferdinand

"No, I will resist this."

And drew his sword; but Prospero, waving his magic wand, fixed him to the spot where he stood, so that he had no power to move.

Miranda

"Why are you so ungentle? Have pity, sir; I will be his surety. This is the second man I ever saw, and to me he seems a true one."

Prospero

"Silence, one word more will make me chide you, girl! What! An advocate for an impostor! You think there are no more such fine men, having seen only him and Caliban."

This he said to prove his daughter's constancy; and she replied,

Miranda

"My affections are most humble. I have no wish to see a goodlier man."

Prospero

"Come on, young man, you have no power to disobey me."

Prospero had commanded Ferdinand to pile up some heavy logs of wood. Kings' sons not being much used to laborious work, Miranda soon after found him almost dying with fatigue.

Miranda

"Alas! do not work so hard; my father is at his studies, he is safe for these three hours; pray rest yourself."

Ferdinand

"O my dear lady, I dare not. I must finish my task before I take my rest."

Miranda

"If you will sit down, I will carry your logs the while."

But this Ferdinand would by no means agree to.

Prospero, who had enjoined Ferdinand this task merely as a trial of his love, was not at his books, as his daughter supposed, but was standing by them invisible, to overhear what they said.

Ferdinand inquired her name, which she told, saying it was against her father's express command she did so.

And then Ferdinand, in a fine long speech, told the innocent Miranda he was heir to the crown of Naples, and that she should be his queen.

Prospero then appeared before them.

Prospero

"Fear nothing, my child, I have overheard, and approve of all you have said. And, Ferdinand, if I have too severely used you, I will make you rich amends, by giving my daughter in marriage to you. All your vexations were but trials of your love, and you have nobly stood the test."

When Prospero left them, he called his spirit Ariel, who quickly appeared before him, eager to relate what he had done with Prospero's brother and the King of Naples. Ariel said he had left them almost out of their senses with fear, at the strange things he had caused them to see and hear. When fatigued with wandering about, and famished for want of food, he had suddenly set before them a delicious banquet, and then, just as they were going to eat, he appeared visible before them in the shape of a harpy, a voracious monster with wings, and the feast vanished away. Then, to their utter amazement, this seeming harpy spoke to them, reminding them of their cruelty in driving Prospero from his dukedom, and leaving him and his infant daughter to perish in the sea; saying, that for this cause these terrors were suffered to afflict them.

The King of Naples, and Antonio the false brother, repented the injustice they had done to Prospero.

Prospero

"Then bring them here, Ariel."

Ariel soon returned with the king, Antonio, and old Gonzalo. This Gonzalo was the same who had so kindly provided Prospero formerly with books and provisions, when his wicked brother left him, as he thought, to perish in an open boat in the sea.

Grief and terror had so stupefied their senses, that they did not know Prospero. He first discovered himself to the good old Gonzalo, calling him the preserver of his life; and then his brother and the king knew that he was the injured Prospero.

Antonio with tears, and sad words of sorrow and true repentance, implored his brother's forgiveness and Prospero forgave them; and, upon their engaging to restore his dukedom, he said to the King of Naples,

Prospero

"I have a gift in store for you too."

And opening a door, showed him his son Ferdinand playing chess with Miranda.

Nothing could exceed the joy of the father and the son at this unexpected meeting, for they each thought the other drowned in the storm.

The King of Naples was almost as much astonished at the beauty and excellent graces of the young Miranda, as his son had been.

King of Naples

"Who is this maid?"

Ferdinand

"She is the daughter to this Prospero, who is the famous Duke of Milan, of whose renown I have heard so much, but never saw him till now: of him I have received a new life: he has made himself to me a second father, giving me this dear lady."

Prospero

"No more of that, let us not remember our troubles past, since they so happily have ended."

And then Prospero embraced his brother, and again assured him of his forgiveness.

Prospero now told them that their ship was safe in the harbour, and the sailors all on board her, and that he and his daughter would accompany them home the next morning.

Before Prospero left the island, he dismissed Ariel from his service, to the great joy of that lively little spirit.

Glossary

tormenting (v) making someone suffer or worry a lot dreadful (adj.) extremely bad or unpleasant duke (n) a man of very high social rank in some European countries; a king deprive (v) to take something important or necessary away from someone fatigue (n) extreme tiredness vexation (n) worry or anger famished (adj.) extremely hungry voracious (adj.) very eager for something repent (v) to be very sorry for something bad you have done Exercise A. Choose the correct answer 1. _______ was the chief of all spirits. a. Sycorax b. Caliban c. Ariel d. Prospero 2. _______ raised a dreadful storm. a. Caliban b. Prospero c. Miranda d. Sycorax 3. Miranda was brought to the island _______ years ago. a. fourteen b. ten c. twelve d. five 4. Prospero ordered Ariel to bring _______ to his place. a. Gonzalo b. Ferdinand c. King of Naples d. Antonio 5. _______ had provided Prospero formerly with books and provisions. a. Antonio b. Ferdinand c. Gonzalo d. Antonio 6. The second human being that Miranda saw on the island was _______. a. Ariel b. Prospero c. Ferdinand d. Gonzalo Exercise B. Identify the Speaker

1. "She imprisoned the spirits in the bodies of large trees."

Speaker:

2. "He was the chief of all spirits."

Speaker:

3. "I was Duke of Milan, and you were a princess."

Speaker:

4. "What a trouble must I have been to you then!"

Speaker:

5. "Now pray tell me, sir, your reason for raising this sea-storm?"

Speaker:

6. "I will soon move you."

Speaker:

7. "I will tie you neck and feet together."

Speaker:

8. "I must finish my task before I take my rest."

Speaker:

9. "He repented and implored his brother's forgiveness."

Speaker:

Exercise C. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences

1. Who were the inhabitants of the island?

2. What powers did Prospero possess?

3. Who was Caliban? What was he employed for?

4. Who were on the ship? How were they related to Prospero?

5. Why had Prospero raised a violent storm in the sea?

6. How did Miranda feel when her father raised the storm to destroy the ship?

7. What was Ariel ordered to do with the people on the ship?

8. Give two reasons why Miranda was so concerned about Ferdinand.

9. Why did Prospero set Ferdinand a severe task to perform?

10. How was Gonzalo helpful to Prospero when he left Milan?

Exercise D. Answer in a paragraph (100-150 words)

1. Write a detailed character sketch of Prospero.

2. Narrate how Prospero made his enemies repent to restore his dukedom.

Exercise E. Rearrange in correct order He ordered Ariel to torment the inmates of the ship. Miranda was attracted by Ferdinand and had more concern towards him. Prospero and Miranda came to an island and lived in a cave. Prospero forgave them and restored his dukedom, Milan. He raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck the ship of his enemies. Prospero wanted to test Ferdinand and gave a severe task to perform. Using his powers, Prospero released the good spirits from large bodies of trees. The King of Naples, and Antonio the false brother, repented the injustice they had done to Prospero. Ariel was instructed to bring Ferdinand, the prince of Naples to his cave. Ferdinand was the second human whom Miranda had seen after her father. 🖥️ ICT Corner

Grammar – Modals

❖To learn the usage of Modals

To use appropriate modals

Mixed Medals Game

WWW.ESLGAMESWORLD.COM

1. Type the URL link given below in the browser or scan the QR code.
2. Enable flash to play the game
3. Click the correct modals by choosing right option
4. Roll the dice and play until you win the snake and ladder game.

Click here to access

📋 Summary

• Prospero, the rightful Duke of Milan, and his daughter Miranda live on an island after being betrayed by his brother Antonio and the King of Naples twelve years ago.
• Using his magical powers and spirits like Ariel, Prospero creates a storm that brings his enemies to the island, including Ferdinand, the King's son.
• Miranda and Ferdinand fall in love at first sight, and Prospero tests Ferdinand's love by making him do hard labor.
• Ariel torments the shipwrecked nobles with visions and fears until they repent for their past cruelty to Prospero.
• Prospero forgives his enemies, blesses Miranda and Ferdinand's marriage, and prepares to return to Milan as the rightful Duke.