Libre Office Impress
Class 9 | Science — Computer_Science | Unit 25
Class 9 Unit 25 Science
UNIT 25 LibreOffice Impress
Learning Objectives
After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to:
- define presentation.
- create a new presentation.
- insert text box, images, audio and video files.
- insert and delete a slide.
- view a slide show
Introduction
LibreOffice Impress is a software that is used to create a presentation with text effect, graphics, sound to make it interesting and effective for the audience. A colourful presentation containing text, photos, picture, sound and animation will amaze the viewers and make them more interested to listen to the presentation. Animation is the process of creating movement for an object. It is a user friendly application software.
To start LibreOffice Impress, we can follow the steps given below:
1. Click the Start button.
2. Click All Programs.
3. Click LibreOffice Impress
4. Click LibreOffice Impress option
25.1 Presentation
A presentation is a structured delivery of information. It is a systematic display of information along with graphics, movies, sound, etc. All these are displayed together on the screen.
25.1.1 Create a Blank Presentation
To create a Blank presentation, follow the given steps:
1. Click the LibreOffice Impress
2. Click the New option from the File menu.
3. Click Presentation option from the left pane.
4. Click Blank Presentation option.
25.1.2 Working in a Slide
You know that a LibreOffice Impress presentation is a combination of many slides. You can create additional slides. These slides, when displayed in sequence, form a presentation. So, in order to prepare a presentation, we have to prepare its slides first.
When you create a Blank Presentation, a slide appears on the screen with two placeholders.
1. Click inside a placeholder to enter text. The cursor appears.
2. Type the text. After you finish typing the text, click outside the placeholder
25.1.3 Inserting New Slide
To insert a new slide in a presentation, follow the given steps:
1. Click the Slide Menu.
2. Click New Slide from slides menu.
3. Choose the layout you want. For example, Blank, the new slide is inserted.
Similarly, you can add many slides in a presentation.
25.1.4 Inserting pictures
To Insert a Picture in a slide, choose insert > Image or click the Insert image icon from the Standard Toolbar.
25.1.5 Inserting Text Box
Text box is used to add text anywhere on your slide.
To add the text, follow the given steps:
1. Select the slide where you want to add a Text Box.
2. Click the Insert Menu.
3. Click Text Box from the Text group.
4. Drag to draw a textbox where you want to add text.
5. Type whatever you want using the keyboard and click anywhere outside the text box.
25.1.6 Insert audio and video files
You can insert audio video files to a slide to make your presentation more interesting. By default, LibreOffice provides audio and video clips that you can add to the presentation.
To insert an audio and video from the gallery, follow these steps.
1. Open the slide
2. Click insert menu then click audio/video option. Insert audio/video dialog box appears.
3. Locate and select the audio or video file to insert in the slide.
25.1.7 Slide Transition
Slide transitions are the effects that take place when one slide gives way to the next one in the presentation, like Roll down from top or Fly in from left. They add dynamic flair to a slideshow, smoothing the transition between slides.
Click view menu and then press slide transition option. Now you can select any one of the transitions (or you can choose Slide transition option from the Side bar setting)
25.1.8 Animation
Slide animations are similar to transitions, but they are applied to individual elements in a single slide: title, chart, shape, or individual bullet point.
Select the slide and the object (text box, image) you want to apply the animation effect to. In the Sidebar, select Custom Animation icon to open the Custom Animation section. Select the animation effect types from one of the tabbed pages on the Custom Animation dialog.
25.1.9 Deleting Slide
To delete a Slide, follow the given steps:
1. Select the slide you want to delete.
2. Click the Slide Menu.
3. Click Delete from the Slides menu. The slide gets deleted.
25.1.10 Saving a Presentation
To save a presentation, follow the given steps:
1. Click the File Menu.
2. Click the Save option. The Save As dialog box appears.
3. Type the file name.
4. Click the Save button.
25.1.11 Viewing a Slide Show
To have a look at how the actual presentation looks is called viewing a slide show.
To view a slide show, follow the given steps:
1. Click the Slide Show tab on the Ribbon.
2. Click From Beginning from the Start Slide Show group.
You can also press F5 Key on the Keyboard to start the slide show from the first slide. You see your slides on full screen. Click your mouse each time to see the next slide
25.1.12 Closing a presentation
To close a presentation, follow the given steps:
1. Click File Menu.
2. Click Close option from the list.
If the current file is unsaved, LibreOffice Impress displays a dialog box asking you to choose whether or not to save your file. Select Yes, if you wish to save the file or No, if you do not wish to save the file. You can choose Cancel, to return to your presentation without saving it.
25.1.13 Opening an Existing Presentation
To open an existing presentation, follow the given steps:
1. Click the File Menu.
2. Click the Open option. The open dialog box appears.
3. Select the file to be opened.
4. Click the Open button.
You can also open your file directly by clicking its name from the Recent Documents list.
25.1.14 Exit LibreOffice Impress
To Close LibreOffice Impress, follow the given steps:
1. Click the File Menu.
2. Click Exit LibreOffice Impress
TEXT BOOK EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer.
1. _____ is a structured delivery of information.
a. Slide Show b. Page c. WordArt d. Presentation
2. The slides are grouped together in a sequence to form _____
a. slide show b. charts c. page d. messages
3. A presentation consists of many _____
a. pages b. slides c. placeholders d. messages
4. Which key should be pressed to run a slide show?
a. F1 b. Tab c. F5 d. F2
5. _____ is used to insert attractive text in the slide.
a. Slide Show b. Word Art c. Text d. Header and Footer Exercise 2. Answer briefly.
1. What is LibreOffice Impress?
2. What is a Presentation?
3. What is a Slide?
4. Write the steps to view a Slide Show.
Exercise 3. Lab Work
Create a presentation on Festivals of Tamil Nadu. Save it with suitable name.
PRACTICALS
PRACTICAL - TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Serial Number | Name of the Experiment | Time | Month |
|---|
| 1. | To find the diameter of a spherical body | 40 minutes | June |
| 2. | To find the thickness of given iron nail | 40 minutes | October |
| 3. | Melting point of wax | 40 minutes | January |
| 4. | Measurement of volume of liquids | 40 minutes | July |
| 5. | Identification of adaptations in animals | 40 minutes | August |
| 6. | Identification of plant and animal tissues | 40 minutes | August |
| 7. | To detect the adulterants in food samples | 40 minutes | November |
| 8. | Identification of microbes | 40 minutes | November |
| 9. | Economic biology | 40 minutes | February |
| 10. | Identification of adaptations in plants | 40 minutes | February |
1. TO FIND THE DIAMETER OF A SPHERICAL BODY
Aim:
To determine the diameter of a spherical body using Vernier Caliper.
Apparatus required:
Vernier Caliper, given spherical body (cricket ball).
Formula:
(1) Least count (LC) = 1 Main scale division - 1 Vernier scale division
LC = 1mm - 0.9 mm
LC = 0.1 mm (or 0.01 cm)
(2) Diameter of the spherical object (d) = M.S.R. + (VC × LC) ± ZC cm
where, MSR - Main Scale Reading
VC - Vernier Coincide
LC - Least Count. (0.01 cm)
ZC - Zero Correction.
Procedure
Find the least count of the Vernier caliper.
Find the zero correction of the Vernier caliper.
Fix the object firmly in between the two lower jaws of the Vernier.
Measure the main scale reading and the Vernier scale coincidence.
Repeat the experiment by placing the jaws of the Vernier at different position of the object.
Using the formula find the diameter of the object.
Least Count (LC): 0.01 cm
Zero Correction (ZC):
| Serial Number | Main Scale Reading (MSR) cm | Vernier coincidence (VC) | Diameter of object d = M.S.R. + (VC × LC) ± ZC (cm) |
|---|
| 1 | | | |
| 2 | | | |
| 3 | | | |
Average: cm
Result:
The diameter of the given spherical object (Cricket ball) is cm
2. TO FIND THE THICKNESS OF GIVEN IRON NAIL
Aim:
To find the thickness of the given iron nail.
Apparatus required:
Screw gauge and iron nail
Formula:
(1) Least Count (LC) = Pitch scale Reading ÷ number of division in the Head scale
(2) Thickness (t) = Pitch scale Reading (PSR) + Head scale coincidence (HSC) × Least Count (LC) ± zero correction
t = PSR + (HSC × LC) ± ZC
Error:
(1) If positive error is 5 points, for zero correction, subtract 5 points.
t= PSR + (HSC × LC) - ZC
t= PSR + (HSC × LC) - 5
(2) If negative error is 95 points, for zero correction add 5 points (100 - 95 = 5).
T = PSR + (HSC × LC) + ZC
t = PSR + (HSC × LC) + 5
(3) If no correction is needed,
t = PSR + (HSC × 0.01) ± 0
Procedure:
The Least count of screw gauge is 0.01 mm.
The zero error is to be found when the two faces of the screw gauge touch each other.
Then place the iron nail between the two faces of the screw gauge.
The pitch scale reading (PSR) and head scale coincidence (HSC) are to be noted.
Repeat the process by placing other parts of the iron nail in the screw gauge.
Tabulate the readings.
Zero correction:
Least count: 0.01 mm
| Serial Number | Pitch Scale Reading PSR (mm) | Head Scale Coincidence (HSC) | Thickness of the iron nail t = PSR + (HSC × LC) ± ZC (mm) |
|---|
| 1 | | | |
| 2 | | | |
| 3 | | | |
Average: cm
Result:
The diameter (Thickness) of the iron nail is mm.
3. MELTING POINT OF WAX
Aim:
To determine the melting point of wax using cooling curve.
Principle:
The determination of melting point is based on latent heat which is the amount of heat required to change a unit mass (1gm) of a substance from one state to another state without changing its temperature.
Materials Required:
Beaker, burner, thermometer, boiling tube, retort stand and clamp wire gauze, tripod stand, candle wax, stop watch, bowl of sand.
Procedure:
Melt the wax in a warm water bath. When the wax is melted entirely, remove it from the bath, dry it and then bury it in sand. Record the temperature each 30 seconds while the liquid is being converted to solid. At the same time watch for constant temperature at which liquid and solid are present.
Melting point of wax = Constant Temperature over a period of time
Observation and Tabulation:
| Serial number | Time (Second) | Temperature |
|---|
| | |
| | |
| | |
The temperature at the point M denotes the melting point of wax
Suggestion:
With the help of ICT corner, the teacher can show the live video of the experiment of melting point of wax using the link www.kau.edu.sa
4. MEASUREMENT OF VOLUME OF LIQUIDS
Aim:
To measure the volume of given colourless and coloured liquids.
Materials required:
Pipette (20 ml), sample liquids and beakers
Procedure:
Take a 20 ml pipette. Wash it thoroughly with water and then rinse it with the given liquid. Insert the lower end of the pipette into the given liquid and suck the solution slowly till the solution rises well above the circular mark on the stem. Take the pipette out of the mouth and quickly close it with the fore finger. Take the pipette out the liquid and keep it such a way that the circular mark on the stem is at the level of the eyes. Now slowly release the fore finger to let the liquid drop out until the lower meniscus touches the circular mark on the stem. Now the liquid in the pipette is exactly 20ml. This can be transferred to an empty beaker by removing the fore finger.
Tabulation
| Serial Number | Name of the liquid | Colour of the liquid | Nature of the meniscus | Volume of the liquid |
|---|
| 1 | | | | |
| 2 | | | | |
| 3 | | | | |
Report:
Exactly 20 ml of various liquids are measured using a standard 20 ml pipette
Note:
1. Keeping the circular mark on the stem of the pipette above or below the level of the eyes will lead to error.
2. When coloured liquids are measured, the upper meniscus should be taken into account.
3. Never suck strong acids or strong alkalis using a pipette.
5. IDENTIFICATION OF ADAPTATIONS IN ANIMALS
Aim:
To identify the given vertebrate animals and list out the adaptations seen in them.
Required specimens:
1. Pisces (Fish), 2. Amphibian (Frog), 3. Reptile (Calotes), 4. Aves (Dove), 5. Mammal (Rat)
The following adaptations are noted.
| Serial Number | Name of the animal | Habitat | Body structure | Body covering | Locomotory organs |
|---|
| 1 | Fish | | | | |
| 2 | Frog | | | | |
| 3 | Calotes | | | | |
| 4 | Dove | | | | |
| 5 | Rat | | | | |
6. IDENTIFICATION OF PLANT AND ANIMAL TISSUES
Aim:
To identify the structural features of plant and animal tissues from permanent prepared slides.
Observation:
Identify the given plant and animal tissues.
A) Simple tissues- parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma
B) Complex tissues-xylem and phloem
C) Epithelial tissue- columnar epithelium, ciliated epithelium
D) Connective tissue- section of bone
E) Muscle tissue- skeletal muscle, smooth and cardiac muscle
F) Nerve tissue
Draw a labelled sketch and write the location and function of the tissues observed.
7. TO DETECT THE ADULTERANTS IN FOOD SAMPLES
Aim:
To detect the adulterants in the given samples.
Materials required
Beakers, glass bowl, spoon and match box.
Food samples required:
Given samples: pepper (A), honey (B), sugar (C), chilli powder (D), green peas (E) and tea powder (F)
Procedure:
Take 5 beakers with water and label it as A, B, C, D, E. Take samples A, B, C, D, E and add water to the respective beaker. Observe the changes in each beaker. Record your observations.
Observation:
| Serial Number | Sample | Observation | Indication |
|---|
| 1. | A | | |
| 2. | B | | |
| 3. | C | | |
| 4. | D | | |
| 5. | E | | |
| 6 | F | | |
8. IDENTIFICATION OF MICROBES
Aim:
To identify the different types of microbes (Bacteria and Virus).
Observation:
To observe and identify the following microbes with the help of photograph / picture/ permanent slide using a compound microscope/model/biovisual chart.
a. Escherichia coli
b. Vibrio cholerae
c. Lactobacillus
d. Retrovirus (HIV)
Exercise Answer the following:
a. Draw a neat labelled diagram.
b. Write the shape of the bacteria and virus observed.
c. Mention the structural details of the bacteria and virus.
d. Indicate its microbial importance/disease caused.
9. ECONOMIC BIOLOGY
Aim:
To identify the plants and animals of economic importance.
Observation:
To observe the following using specimen/photograph/picture/model.
a. Biofertilizer – Rhizobium
b. Medicinal plants – Nilavembu, Aloe vera
c. Mushroom - Agaricus bisporus
d. Indigenous cattle breed - Umblachery
e. Indian major carp - Catla catla
f. Type of Honey bees - Queen bee, Worker bee
Exercise Answer the following:
a. Draw a neat labelled sketch
b. Write its economic importance
10. IDENTIFICATION OF ADAPTATIONS IN PLANTS
Aim:
To identify the given plant specimen and list out its adaptations
1. Mesophytic plant – Tomato or Brinjal plant
2. Xerophytic plant – Opuntia
3. Aquatic plant – Eichhornia sp
4. Insectivorous plant – Nepenthes
Observation:
The given plants are identified and the following adaptations are noted.
Exercise List adaptations
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
GLOSSARY
Absorption உட்கவர்தல் , உறிஞ்சுதல் Abundant Elements அதிகஅளவு காணப்படும் தனிமம் Acceleration முடுக்கம் Adipose tissue நிணத்திசு . இரத்தச்சவ்வு , கொழுப்பிழையம் Adulteration கலப்படம் Aestivation கோடைகாலஉறக்கம் Alkalis எரிகாரங்கள் Allotropes புறவேற்றுமை வடிவம் Alloys உலோகக்கலவைகள் Alternating current மாறு மின்னோட்டம் Amorphous படிக வடிவமற்ற Animals விலங்குகள் Anion எதிர்மின் அயனி Aquaregia இராஜதிராவகம் Asteroid சிறுகோள்கள் Atomic number அணு எண் Atomic Structure அணு அமைப்பு Autotrophic தற்சார்பு Bell jar மணி ஜாடி Bilateral Symmetry இருபக்கச்சமச்சீர் Biogeochemical Cycle உயிர் புவி வேதியியல் சுழற்சி Biological Oxidation உயிரியியல்ஆக்ஸிசனேற்றம் Buccal cavity வாய்க்குழி Canning கலனடைத்தல் Cardiac muscle இதயத்தசை Cartilage குருத்தெலும்பு Catalys கிரியா ஊக்கி (வினையை வேகப்படுத்தும் தனிமம்) Catenation சுய சகப்பிணைப்பு Cation நேர்மின் அயனி Centrifugal force மையவிலக்குவிசை Centripetal force மையநோக்குவிசை Chemical bond வேதிப்பிணைப்பு Chemotherapy வேதியசிகிச்சைமுறை Coelom உடற்குழி Colloidal solution கூழ்ம கரைசல் Complex tissue கூட்டுத்திசு Compound epithelium கூட்டுபுறப்படலம் Compounds சேர்மம் Computer கணினி Connective Tissue இணைப்புத்திசு , இணைப்பிழையம் Coordinate covalent bond ஈதல் சகபிணைப்பு Covalent bond சகபிணைப்பு Crystallization படிகமாதல் Deformation உருக்குலைவு Dental Formula பற்சூத்திரம் Dialysis கூழ்மப்பிரிப்பு Diploblastic ஈரடுக்கு Direct current நேர்மின்னோட்டம் Displacement இடப்பெயர்ச்சி Distillation வடிகட்டுதல் Ductile கம்பியாக நீட்டக்கூடிய Echolocation எதிரொளியிடம் Ectoderm புறஅடுக்கு Electric cell மின்கலம் Electric circuit மின்சுற்று Electric energy மின்னாற்றல் Electrical resistance மின்தடை Electrochemical Cell மின்வேதிக்கலம் Electrode மின்வாய் Electrolyte மின்பகுதிரவம் Electromagnet மின்காந்தம் Electrostatic நிலைமின்னியல் Elements தனிமம் Endangered species அழிவின் விளிம்பில் உள்ள சிற்றினங்கள் Endoderm அகஅடுக்கு Equator பூமத்தியரேகை Excretion கழிவுநீக்கம் Fixed resistor நிலையான மின்தடை Flame cell சுடர்செல் Force விசை Forensic Chemistry தடய வேதியியல் Fossil water புதைபடிவநீர் Frequency அதிர்வெண் Fuse மின்னுருகுஇழை Generator மின்னியற்றி Genus பேரினம் Geotropism புவிநாட்டம் Glomerular filtration குளாமருலர் வடிகட்டுதல் Heterogeneous பலபடித்தான தன்மை Heterotrophic பிறசார்பு Hibernation குளிர்காலஉறக்கம் Homoeothermic Animal வெப்பஇரத்தவிலங்கு Homogenous ஒருபடித்தான தன்மை Hydrophytes நீர்வாழ்த்தாவரங்கள் Hydrotropism நீர்நாட்டம் Immunization நோய்த்தடுப்பு Inert gases / Noble gases அரியவாயு / மந்தவாயு Inner Transition Elements உள்இடைநிலைத்தனிமம் Input உள்ளீட்டகம் Internal energy அகஆற்றல் Iron filings இரும்புத் துகள்கள் IUPAC தூய மற்றும் பயன்பாட்டு வேதியலுக்கான சர்வதேசக்கழகம் Kingdom உலகம் Lamp Black விளக்குகரி Latent heat உள்ளுறைவெப்பம் Least count மீச்சிற்றளவு Levitate மிதத்தல் Ligament தசைநாண் , தசைநார் Longitudinal waves நெட்டலைகள் Malleable தகடாகும் தன்மையுடைய Mantle மேன்டல்உறை Mass number நிறைஎண் Meiosis குன்றல்பிரிவு , ஒடுக்கற்பிரிவு Melting உருகுதல் Mesoglea நடுஅடுக்கு Metalloids உலோகப்போலிகள் Meteorological வானிலைஆய்வு Mixture கலவை Momentum உந்தம் Motion இயக்கம் Nocturnal இரவில்இயங்கும் Non polar solvant முனைவற்ற கரைப்பான் Notochord முதுகுநாண் Nucleus அணுஉட்கரு Octaves எண்மம் Octet rule எண்மவிதி Olericulture காய்கறி மற்றும் உணவுத் தாவரங்களை வளர்த்தல் Operculum செவுள் மூடி Optical fibers ஒளிஇழை Orbital Velocity சுற்றியக்கத் திசைவேகம் Order வரிசை Output வெளியீட்டகம் Oxidation ஆக்ஸிஜனேற்றம் Oxidation number ஆக்ஸிஜனேற்ற எண் Pasteurization பாஸ்டர் பதனம் / பாஸ்டிரைசேஷன் Penetrate ஊடுருவுதல் Permanent Tissues நிலைத்த திசுக்கள் Pharmacology மருந்தியல் Phloem புளுயம் (பட்டையம்) Photosynthesis ஒளிச்சேர்க்கை Phototropism ஒளிநாட்டம் Phylum தொகுதி Piston உந்துதண்டு Plane mirror சமதளஆடி Planet கோள் Plants தாவரங்கள் Poikilothermic Animal குளிர் இரத்த விலங்கு Polymorphism பல்லுருவமைப்பு Potential difference (Voltage) மின்னழுத்த வேறுபாடு Preservatives பதப்படுத்திகள் Pressure அழுத்தம் Propagation பரவுதல் Pump இறைப்பான் Radial Symmetry ஆரசமச்சீர் Radiation கதிரியக்கம் Radioactive decay கதிரியக்க சிதைவு Radiocarbon dating கதிரியக்க கார்பன் வயதுக்கணிப்பு Radiochemistry கதிரியக்க வேதியியல் Range of hearing செவியுணர் நெடுக்கம் Rarefactions தளர்ச்சிகள் Real and virtual image மெய் மற்றும் மாயபிம்பம் Reflection of sound ஒலி எதிரொளித்தல் Refraction ஒளி விலகல் Remote control தொலையுணர்வி Resin code ரெசின் (பிசின்) கோடு Resistor மின்தடையம் Reverberation எதிர்முழக்கம் Rheostat மின்தடை மாற்றி Space Station விண்வெளிநிலையம் Species சிற்றினம் Specific latent heat தன்உள்ளுறை வெப்பம் Spherical mirrors கோளக ஆடிகள் Stomata இலைத்துளை Sub phylum துணைத்தொகுதி Surface மேற்பரப்பு Symbiotic Microbes கூட்டுயிர் நுண்ணுயிர்கள் Taxonomy வகைப்பாடு Tendons தசைநாண் (நாண்) Tetravalency நான்கு இணைதிறன் Therapy சிகிச்சை Time period அலைவுக் காலம் Total internal reflection முழு அக எதிரொளிப்பு Toxic நஞ்சு Transmitting கடத்தி Transpiration நீராவிப்போக்கு Transverse waves குறுக்கலைகள் Triads மும்மை Trough அகடு Tubular reabsorption குழாய் வழித்திரும்ப உறிஞ்சுதல் Ultrasonics மீயொலி Underactive குறைந்த அளவு வினைபுரியும் தன்மை கொண்ட Uniform motion சீரான இயக்கம் Universe பிரபஞ்சம் / அண்டம் Vaccination தடுப்பான்கள் / அம்மை குத்துதல் Valance Electrons இணை திறன் கொண்ட எலக்ட்ரான்கள் Valence இணைதிறன் Variable resistor மாறுமின்தடை Vase குவளை , திறந்தகொள்கலன் Velocity திசைவேகம் Vermiculture மண்புழு வளர்பியல் Vulnerable species பாதிப்புக்குள்ளான சிற்றினங்கள் Xerophytes வறண்டநிலத்தாவரங்கள் Xylem சைலம் (மரவியம்) Zero error சுழிப்பிழை Zero Valence சுழிஇணைதிறன்
Science – Class 9 List of Authors and Reviewers
Advisory Committee
Doctor T.V. Venkateswaran, Scientist, Department of Science and Technology, Vigyanaprasar, Delhi.
Doctor. Dinakar, Associate Professor, Madura College of Arts and Science, Madurai.
Doctor. Udhra D, Assistant. Professor, Department of physics, D.G.Vyshnava College, Chennai.
Margarette David Raj, Principal, Bakthavatchalam Vidyasharam, Chennai
Thirumathi. Vijayalakshmi Srivatsan, Principal (Retired), Ps. Senior Secondary School, Chennai-4
Domain Experts
Doctor. Sultan Ahmed Ismail, Scientist, Eco Science Research Foundation, Chennai.
Doctor. Rita John, Professor and Head, Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Madras, Chennai.
Doctor. C.V Chitti Babu, Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Presidency College, Chennai.
Doctor. T.S. Subha, Associate Professor and Head, Department of Botany, Bharathi Women's College, Chennai.
Doctor. N. Sarojini, Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Bharathi Women's College, Chennai.
Doctor. R. Sugaraj Samuel, Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, The New College, Chennai.
Doctor. G. Ramesh, Assistant Professor, Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Doctor. Ambedkar Government Arts College, Chennai.
Boopathi Rajendran, Deputy Director, Directorate of Elementary Education, Chennai.
Doctor N. Radha Krishnan, Associate Professor, Department of Botany, University of Madras, Chennai.
Doctor. K. Chinthanaiyalan, Bachelor of teacher Assistant., GHS, Periyar Nagar Nandambakkam, Kancheepuram.
Content Writers
Doctor. R. Saravanan Assistant. Professor, PG and Research Department of Zoology, Doctor. Ambedkar Govt Arts College, Chennai.
Doctor. S.K. Geetha, Assistant. Professor, PG and Research Department of Physics, Government. Arts College for Men, Chennai.
Doctor. P. Priya, Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai.
Doctor Kanakachalam, Assistant Professor Government Arts College, Erode.
Doctor. R. Asir Julius Assistant Professor, SCERT, Chennai.
G. Dhavamani Maheswari, Senior Lecturer DIET, Tirur, Tiruvallur District.
N. Rajendran, Lecturer, District Institute of Education and training Kizhapazhuvur, Ariyalur.
V. Jagathratchagan, Headmaster, Government Higher Secondary School Naduveerapattu, Cuddalore.
Snehalatha Dawson, Headmistress M (Retired), Dovetton Corrie (G) Higher Secondary School, Chennai.
R. Vendhan, Post Graduate Teacher Government Boys Higher Secondary School, Krishnagiri.
S. Ravisankar, Post Graduate Teacher., SRM Higher Secondary School, Ambattur, Chennai.
T. John Prince, Post Graduate Teacher. NLC Government Higher Secondary School, Block-2, Neyveli, Cuddalore.
S. Geetha, Post Graduate Teacher., Jawahar Higher Secondary School, Ashok Nagar, Chennai.
J. Nagarajan, Post Graduate Teacher Government Higher Secondary School, Kadampuliyur, Cuddalore.
A. Sreekumari, Post Graduate Teacher GK Shetty Hindu Vidhayalaya Municipal Higher Secondary School Adhambakkam, Kanchipuram.
S. Selvabharath, Post Graduate Teacher,Municipality Government Higher Secondary School Mettupalayam.
K. Mohana Chandran, Post Graduate Teacher, Ellen Sharma Memorial Municipal Higher Secondary School Sozhinganallur, Kanchipuram.
M. Sujatha, Post Graduate Teacher, MGHSS, Thiruvannamalai.
R. Thilaikarasi, Post Graduate Teacher, GK Shetty Hindu Vidhayalaya MHSS, Adhambakkam, Kanchipuram.
P. Jeyaraj, Post Graduate Teacher, Government Higher Secondary School Munsirai, Kanyakumari.
Doctor. K. Chinthanaiyalan Bachelor of teacher Assistant Government High School Periyar Nagar Nandambakkam, Kancheepuram.
T. Yuvaraj, Lecturer, District Institute of Education and training Chennai.
P. Nirmala Devi, Bachelor of teacher Assistant., Government High School, Kalaiyur, Ramnad.
A. Satheeshkumar Bachelor of teacher Assistant Government Higher Secondary School, Rajendranagar, Theni.
C. Rajasekar Bachelor of teacher Assistant., Government Girls Higher Secondary School, Kundrathur, Kancheepuram.
P. Kalaiselvan Bachelor of teacher Assistant Thiruvalluvar Higher Secondary School Gudiyaththam, Vellore.
M.S. Shanthi, Bachelor of teacher Assistant.Government Girls Higher Secondary.School, Ashok Nagar, Chennai.
S. Sujatha, Academic Coordinator, Alpha International School, Sembakkam, Chennai.
K.A. Sharmila Bachelor of teacher Assistant, Lady Sivaswamy Ayyar Government Higher Secondary.School Mylapore, Chennai.
R. Ramyadevi Bachelor of teacher Assistant., Government Higher Secondary School Medavakkam, Kancheepuram.
B. Leo Bachelor of teacher Assistant Government High School R.N. Pudur, Erode
Santhosh J.C. Vinobah Bachelor of teacher Assistant.Government High School, Thachur, Kanniyakumari
N. Caroline Joseph, Dovetton Corrie (G) Higher Secondary School ,Chennai.
S. Sujatha Bachelor of teacher Assistant. Miyasi Municipal Higher Secondary School Chennai.
S.C. Selvathangam Bachelor of teacher Assistant GHS, Mannivakkam, Kanchipuram
F. Davin Lalitha Mary, Christ the King Municipal Higher Secondary School, East Tambaram, Chennai.
M.G. Elango, Government Higher Secondary School, Pandhalkudi, Virudunagar.
K.V. Durga, Government Higher Secondary School, Ayyankarkulam.
Ribhu Vohra, WasteLess, Auroville, Puducherry
Content Readers
Doctor Mazher Sulthana, Professor, (Retired) Department. of Zoology, Presidency College, Chennai.
C. Joseph Prabagar, Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Loyola College, Chennai.
Doctor P. Arulmozhichelvan, Associate Professor and Head, Pachayappa's College, Chennai.
Doctor S. N. Balasubramanian, Associate Professor., Presidency College, Chennai.
Doctor V. Sivamadhavi, Associate Professor. Bharathi women's College, Chennai.
Doctor M. Pazhanisamy, Associate Professor. Govt. Arts College, Nandanam, Chennai.
Doctor G. Diraviam, Associate Professor Govt. Arts College, Nandanam, Chennai.
Doctor S. Seshadri, Assistant Professor Doctor Ambedkar Government Arts College, Chennai.
Doctor S. Sreedevi, Assistant Professor Bharathi Women's College, Chennai.
Doctor Shameem, Deputy Director, SCERT, Chennai.
Doctor G. Muthuraman, Assistant Professor Presidency College, Chennai.
Doctor S. Abdul Khader, Assistant Professor Presidency College, Chennai.
Doctor R. Rajeswari Assistant Professor Quaid-E-Millath Government. Arts College, Chennai.
Doctor N. Afsar, Assistant Professor Government Arts College, Ponneri.
Doctor G. Rajalakshmi, Assistant Professor Bharathi Women's College, Chennai.
Doctor S. George, Assistant Professor Govt. Arts College, Ponneri.
D. Arnold Robinson, Assistant Professor, Meston College of Education, Chennai.
Doctor S. Devashankar, Assistant Professor Government Arts College, Ponneri.
Mrs. Malathi, VP, CSI Bain MHSS, Kilpauk, Chennai.
P. Kamalee, Lecturer District institute of education and training Thiruvannamalai.
C. Anbarasan, Lecturer District institute of education and training Salem.
B. Uthayakumar, Lecturer District institute of education and training Salem.
P. Maheshwari, Chief Educational Office Kanchipuram.
M. Palanichami, Head master Government Higher Secondary School, Krishnarayapuram, Karur.
Doctor S. Ravi Kasi Venkataraman, Post Graduate Teacher Government Higher Secondary School, Semmancheri, Chennai.
N. Mahesh Kumar, Post Graduate Teacher, District Coordinator, Chief Educational Officer Office, Namakkal.
S. Thiyagarajan, Post Graduate Teacher, Government Higher Secondary School, Thirumalpur, Vellore.
Doctor S. Shankar, Post Graduate Teacher, Government Higher Secondary School, Thiruputkuzhi, Kanchipuram.
Doctor N V S. Sarojini Krishna, Post Graduate Teacher, Government Higher Secondary School, Palur, Kanchipuram.
G Shanthi Post Graduate Teacher, Government Higher Secondary School, Singadivakkam, Kanchipuram.
A. Prabhakaran, Post Graduate Teacher, SRS MHSS, Ambature, Chennai.
T. Subbiah, Post Graduate Teacher, Government Girls Higher Secondary School, Achirapakkam, Kanchipuram.
N. Thamarai Kannan, Post Graduate Teacher, Government Higher Secondary School, GGNHSS, Tambaram. Chennai.
A. Guru Prasad, Lecturer, Kaliyanpoondi, Kanchipuram.
K. Ramesh, Bachelor of Teacher Government High School Esur, Kanchipuram.
Ms. V. Prithimala, CSI BAIN Municipal Higher Secondary School Kilpauk, Chennai.
V. Jayalakshmi, Bachelor of Teacher Government Higher Secondary School Arumbakkam, Chennai.
Subject Expert and Coordinator
Doctor K. Chinthanaiyalan, Bachelor of Teacher Assistant. Government High School, Periyar Nagar, Nandambakkam, Kancheepuram.
Subject In-Charge
Doctor Vanitha Daniel, Principal, District Institute of Education and Training Kurukathi, Nagapattinam.
Coordinator
S. Lakshmi Bachelor of Teacher Assistant Government Girls Higher Secondary School Manalurpet, Villlupuram.
Career Guidance
Doctor T. Sankara Saravanan, Deputy Director, Tamilnadu Textbook and Educational services Corporation, Chennai.
ICT Coordinators
R. Ravi kumar, Lecturer, District institute of education and training Chennai.
S. Shyamala, Bachelor of Teacher Assistant Adhi Dravidar Welfare High School, Puliyanthope, Chennai.
A. Ajay, S.G.T., Panchayath Union Middle School Nanthimangalam, Kumaratchi Block, Cuddalore.
QR Code Management Team
R. Jagannathan, Secondary grade Assistant PUMS Ganesapuram Polur, Thiruvannamalai.
A. Devi Jesintha, Bachelor of Teacher Assistant. Government High School N.M. Kovil, Vellore.
J.F. Paul Edwin Roy, Panchayat Union Middle School Rakkipatti, Salem.
N. Jagan Bachelor of Teacher Assistant Government Boys Higher Secondary School Uthiramerur, Kanchipuram.
J.F. Paul Edwin Roy, PUMS, Rakkipatti, Salem.
M. Janakiraman Bachelor of Teacher Assistant Panchayat Union Middle School Mattayambatti, Salem.
Art and Design Team
Layout
Gopinath Ragupathi, Yogesh B, A. Adison Raj, Selvakumar Manickam
Illustration
Gopu Rasuvel, Muthu Kumar R, Sasikumar K
In-House
Rajesh Thangappan, Manohar Radhakrishnan Kamatchi Balan Arumugam
Wrapper Design
Kathir Arumugam
Co-ordination
Ramesh Munisamy
Typist
A. Sabiah Banu, M. Sathya, A. Kavitha
This book has been printed on 80 G.S.M. Elegant Maplitho paper.
Printed by offset at: Vimala Note book, Madurai, 625001.
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